Does the firmware have an effect? Firmware (chip tuning): causes and consequences of application

Does engine firmware affect maximum speed?

They asked me a question in the comments: does the firmware affect the maximum speed? I answered that it does and promised to talk about it in more detail.

The main manifestation of the firmware is in maximum speed. Let's find out why. First you need to understand how the injector works, its brains and what algorithm it has, how it calculates the composition of the mixture. If we press the gas to the floor, we have certain regime points. At 4000 rpm, a certain amount of gasoline and air is poured into the drain in the stock program. At 4500 there is a different quantity, at 5000 there is a different quantity. When we change the engine configuration, we change the camshaft, exhaust system, receiver, etc. from 4000 we have more air, at 4500 even more, at 5000 even more. When we do not change the program, but only change the hardware, we have much more air, and the number of modes that appear at these points becomes smaller. Naturally, we experience a loss of power, the motor is not realized. At best, it will drive like stock; in normal cases, it will drive worse than stock. Dmitry was lucky. At stock it drove 160 km/h, when I put the iron on it accelerated to 170 km/h. He didn't calibrate it online. To change the number of modes at this point you need to roll back the program. If we just accelerate to 100 km/h, the computer simply does not have time to analyze these operating points. Even if it succeeds, we are left with a thin film on the intake manifold, which somehow smoothes out this error. But when we are driving at maximum speed, and we accelerate to maximum speed only in 4th gear, only then do we engage 5th gear to maintain maximum speed. In our country, the transition from one regime point to another occurs very slowly. Significantly slower than in first gear. Therefore, the higher the speed, the more demanding the regime points are. It seems that only the maximum speed is lost, but in fact, if the mixture is lean, the valves burn out and detonation occurs. We can't always hear detonation by ear, but that doesn’t mean it doesn’t exist. But if there is detonation, then the resource also suffers. We just need to set the amount of gasoline that should be available at each regime point, then we will have a good maximum speed. For clarity, we can see how it will be in the program.

Here we have the table itself. Along this axis we have the throttle position, along this we have the revolutions. But here we have the composition of the mixture changing up and down. Moving from 3d pictures to normal. Here we see the throttle position at 100%, here we have the speed axis, and here we have the mixture composition. Just like I said, regime points. In fact, not 500 rpm, but 1960, 2300, 2700, etc. This line here is factory stock. These regime points follow this schedule. If we install shafts and change them at the tops, then the graph should look like this, i.e. we must increase the amount of fuel. Let's raise these points. Naturally, we fill out the composition of the mixture online. If we leave the factory one, the mixture will be lean. In general, the program does this automatically. We also have basic cycles. Also quantity, throttle position, speed and filling itself. The program itself anticipates how much air is coming in and, based on this air, it understands how much gasoline is needed. Thus, we see the higher our speed and our revs rise more smoothly, the more precisely the program must be configured, otherwise it will not be able to move from one regime point to another. It happens that at one regime point there is a joint, and at another it is more rolled out. If he reaches the security check point and cannot jump over it. Sometimes it gets stuck at these speeds and nothing happens, then it goes further and accelerates. So download the program online, there will be a resource and the difference between tuning and regular.

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In order not to encounter such situations as deterioration of engine performance after tuning, we write about this in our articles.

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Android is an open source system source code, so developers can freely modify it, add new features, and create their own operating system images for phones and tablets. Some of these firmwares become extremely popular and even become the basis for successful commercial projects. We introduced you to some of them in this and also. And now we want to discuss with you the reasons that may convince you to take a risk and install in your Android third party firmware

Getting the latest version of Android

It's no secret that many manufacturers of even expensive devices don't bother themselves too much with supporting their products. As soon as they sell you their product, they immediately forget about the need to release new firmware versions for them. As a result, it turns out that you do not have the opportunity to update to a new Android version even if the smartphone’s hardware freely allows it.

In this case, the best and sometimes only solution would be to use the well-known CyanogenMod, which, although it has many of its own “chips,” is in many ways similar to stock Android. Thanks to this development, owners of even fairly old devices can use the latest versions of the system.

Refusal of “branded” shells

Many popular manufacturers (let’s not point fingers) love to equip phones with their own proprietary shells, which, however, is not liked by all users. Not only are many of them frankly ugly and inconvenient - this, as you know, is a matter of taste, but they also manage to noticeably slow down the system. Naked Android against this background shows speed records and impresses with its responsiveness.

Yes, of course, you can install your own launcher and remove all these widgets, but there is no way to refuse all the dubious settings that the manufacturer has made in the operating system. So in order to get a truly "pure" Android, you will have to install a custom ROM.

Removing pre-installed software

Having received your brand new phone and having played enough with the programs installed on it, you gradually come to the understanding that it would be better not to have them at all. Most often, manufacturers complete the software package of a device, focusing not on feasibility and quality, but purely for commercial reasons. In addition, these programs are considered system programs and cannot be easily removed. As a result, we get a device full of outright rubbish that interferes with our lives.

A radical solution to this problem is to flash the device to a custom assembly that does not contain preinstalled software.

Getting additional features and system settings

Many firmwares have such a different original Android appearance and a set of functions that we can safely say about independent operating systems. First of all, we are talking about such popular Chinese projects as MIUI, Lewa, Oppo, which are developing at a gigantic pace. It is likely that after trying this oriental cocktail at least once, you will look at the bland Android dish with undisguised regret.

Other firmware, for example AOKP, although based on stock Android, give such scope in settings, such customization possibilities that owners of ordinary smartphones have never dreamed of.

Safety

It may sound strange, but free community-created firmware can sometimes be safer than Google's product. In them, if you wish, you can completely get rid of the all-seeing eye of this company, completely replacing all their services and applications with third-party developments. It turns out, therefore, “Android without Google,” no matter how strange it may sound.

In addition, many custom ROMs contain a built-in antivirus and such detailed permission settings for each application that you can thoroughly specify who can do what on your device for what purpose.

Reasons not to use third-party firmware

But, as you understand, everything is not so rosy and there are quite significant problems that you may encounter in your experiments with firmware.

1. Bricks. The flashing process, although thoroughly developed and quite easy, still, with a certain degree of bad luck and crooked hands, can turn your device into just a dead block of plastic and microcircuits.
2. Battery problems. A custom ROM may not be optimized enough for a specific device and may drain your battery faster than the official firmware.
3. Hardware problems. Your new firmware may not fully support all the hardware in your phone, so you may encounter errors, some broken modules, and other issues. For example, your device's camera may not capture images as well as it used to, or your GPS may suddenly be slow to find satellites.
4. Errors. The manufacturers of your device test the software well before releasing it for sale, which, of course, cannot be said about independent firmware developers. Therefore, you may encounter annoying errors, which, although they will be corrected in the future, can spoil a lot of blood for you.
5. Guarantee. If you use third-party firmware, you will lose your warranty. If this is important to you, then think about it.

And now I would like to know your opinion about the need to flash Android. We ask you to participate in the survey and express your point of view in the comments.

Sluggish acceleration dynamics? Is gear shifting jerky? Does starting a car at low temperatures turn into real torture? The problem may lie in incorrect factory firmware of the ECU. Chip tuning will help fix this problem, and we will tell you exactly how it happens.

Chip tuning is one of the most optimal ways to increase power and improve vehicle dynamics without internal engine changes. These effects are achieved by improving the operation of the program (firmware) of the electronic engine control unit (ECU). Factory firmware usually severely limits the operation of the electronic “brains” of the injector within the framework of Euro 2, 3, 4 standards, and therefore they always have a certain reserve, the use of which can optimize engine operation, increase power and torque, maximize revolutions and speed. The use of this reserve in practice is called chip tuning.

Why do you need to reflash the ECU?

Many serial firmware of domestic cars (sometimes foreign ones) often require modifications, since due to improper debugging of the program it becomes almost impossible to drive such cars: they have sluggish running, frequent failures, unexpected engine stops, floating speed, and start at low temperatures. unsure. These problems can be solved in two ways: the first is by programming the electronic engine control unit (provided that the cause of the malfunction is an error in the program); the second is replacing the catalyst, soot filter, EGR system and oxygen sensor. Naturally, the second method will cost much more than the first. Therefore, before you start purchasing new spare parts, you should check whether the ECU program is working normally. In addition, most foreign cars that have Euro 3 and 4 systems are not designed for our low-quality fuel, and this problem can only be solved by reflashing.

Changes after chip tuning

The most frequently asked question from motorists about chip tuning is: “How many horses will the power of my car increase?” Unfortunately, no one can give an exact answer to this question. The fact is that for this you need to take two measurements of your car on a special roller stand: before the firmware and after. One such measurement will cost about 3 thousand rubles, plus finding a place where you can carry it out is not so easy, because the cost of the stand is very high. However, it is important to know that increasing engine power should not be the main goal of chip tuning, since the pursuit of increased horsepower can result in worse car control. Therefore, the programs of many tuning companies are designed for the following tasks: eliminating faults in factory firmware, elasticity of engine operation, easy starting at low temperatures, reducing fuel consumption.

In addition to eliminating errors in the serial firmware program, chip tuning can also be used to achieve the following goals:

Smoother engine operation, improved vehicle control;
- increase in power by 7-15 percent;
- increasing the maximum speed limits;
- improvement of the dynamic qualities of the machine;
- getting rid of excessive automatic transmission sluggishness and jerking when changing gears;
- reduction of fuel consumption.

In the program itself, depending on the car model, changes from 50 to 1000 parameters that affect the operation of the engine. The main changes are made in the calibration of the ignition timing, the composition of the fuel-air fluid and the properties of engine starting at low temperatures. Programming the microcircuit into the ECU occurs through a special diagnostic connector, that is, no soldering is required here.

By optimizing engine operation, eliminating factory settings errors from the program, setting the required ignition timing, and eliminating the “poorness” of the fuel-air mixture, the firmware can increase the power of the power unit by several percent. In this case, fuel consumption usually decreases or remains at the same level. However, sometimes it may rise slightly.

Cost of chip tuning and time of its implementation

Each company has its own prices for reflashing cars. However, on average they are equal: domestic cars - from 2-3 thousand rubles; foreign cars - from 3-4 thousand rubles; diesel - from 8-9 thousand rubles. Usually the firmware is installed in 20-30 minutes, but there are exceptions.

There is no need to panic if the car after chip tuning begins to behave even worse than before. You can return to the original settings at any time. Reflashing has only one drawback, which car repair shops try not to talk about - during programming, any the electronic unit engine control. Typically, tuning companies provide guarantees for such unforeseen situations and try to correct them as quickly as possible.

Firmware is a set of programs that ensure the normal functioning of a cellular phone and the performance of all the functions that it should perform - calls, messages, as well as multimedia functions described in the technical documentation. When incorrect operation firmware, replacing it is not difficult, just follow a number of steps.

Instructions

Video on the topic

Sources:

• FAQ on creating firmware in 2019

To add new features to a mobile phone and improve its performance, software is usually replaced. This process is usually carried out at home, using special programs.

You will need

• - SGH Flasher/Dumper.

Instructions

You should not flash your cell phone unless absolutely necessary. Start by choosing your software. Select the firmware file that will allow you to achieve desired result. Download the SGH Flasher/Dumper program. Make sure it is compatible with your model mobile phone Samsung. Remember that most utilities are only suitable for replacing software original phones.

Charge your cell phone. It is better to disconnect the power cable during firmware installation. This will avoid unnecessary difficulties. Install the above program. Turn off your mobile phone and connect it to your computer or laptop using a USB channel.

Launch the SGH Flasher/Dumper program. First, create an archive of the current firmware version. This will allow you to quickly bring the phone back to working condition if a failure occurs during the firmware. Click the Dump full flash button located in the NOR Dumping menu. Enter the name of the future archive and select the folder on your hard drive in which you want to save it. The dump creation process may take 20 to 30 minutes. Now click the Disconnect button and disconnect your phone from your computer.

Reconnect your PC to your mobile phone. Unpack the downloaded firmware archive. You only need one file with the extension .bin. Launch the program and click the Flash BIN file button, which is located in the NOR Flashing menu. Specify the location of the unpacked bin file. Wait for the phone software update to complete. As in the previous case, this process will take up to half an hour.

Click the Disconnect button and disconnect your phone from your computer. Turn on mobile device and check the functionality of important functions. If you are sure that the mobile phone is fully functional, you can create a dump of the new firmware.

Video on the topic

Sometimes it is simply necessary to install new firmware on your phone. After all, modern mobile phones are more reminiscent of a computer with a call function than ordinary cell phones, which just a few years ago made up the majority of the products of such giants of the mobile industry as Nokia or Samsung. Delays in menu operation, spontaneous system reboots, application freezes - this is an incomplete list of problems that can be successfully solved by flashing. Is it possible to reprogram the phone myself?

You will need

• - USB cable;
• - computer with Internet access;
• - software for phone firmware;
• - new firmware.

Instructions

Save all user data to an external memory card. Make a backup of your address book, installed applications and photographs. If necessary, save the Internet cache. With a 90% probability, all these materials will be erased during flashing. If possible, use so-called “cloud” services such as Dropbox, Google Docs or Sky Drive for additional data copying. Rarely, but there are times when external card memory becomes unavailable after installing new firmware.

Go online from the phone you are going to reflash and find information about the software version. Perform a forced update check request. It is quite possible that a new firmware version from the manufacturer already exists and the device itself will offer to download and install it. Pay attention to the way your mobile phone connects to the Internet. The amount of data to download may be too large for a GPRS connection, not to mention the price paid per megabyte. It is also worth keeping in mind that an unsuccessful update attempt can theoretically turn the device into a “brick.” After this sad event of the trip to service center can't be avoided.

If your mobile phone is unable to detect updates for its software, go to the device manufacturer's website to find the firmware there. Download it to your computer and run it special program, which usually comes with a cell phone and ensures full collaboration between the device and the computer. If such a program is not included in the box with your phone, you can easily download it from the mobile phone manufacturer’s website.

Connect your phone to your computer and launch a special program. Follow the instructions on the screen to initiate the installation process of the new firmware and wait for it to complete. It is important to be careful not to turn off the power to the device, and also to ensure that the USB cable is not accidentally pulled out of the phone port. Otherwise, you will have to repeat the entire update process again.

If you are experienced user, then try installing the so-called custom firmware. This type of firmware is developed by third-party programmers, fans of certain phone brands or models. Typically, installing such software requires some knowledge of the cell phone, the required installation utilities, and confidence in your abilities. Custom firmware usually has many advantages compared to official ones, but you should know that the user installs such software at his own peril and risk. If the process fails, it may be denied warranty service based on availability and use unofficial firmware.

The process of updating software is commonly referred to as firmware updating. Typically, this method is used to make changes to the functional set of devices or to correct errors found in their operation.

Firmware is needed for the device to perform certain tasks. This is a non-volatile part of memory that contains information necessary for the correct operation of the microcontroller. Typically, firmware is installed by installing a specific memory chip. Some equipment can be re-flashed. Naturally, this process is performed not by changing the microcircuit, but by changing the contents of its memory.

Modern devices are flashed primarily to correct various faults. Errors found during equipment operation are analyzed by specialists. Based on the information received, a new firmware is created to improve the quality of the device.

Sometimes firmware allows certain devices to perform other functions. For example, after flashing some older models cell phones, you could use their cameras to shoot videos.

Some devices are initially created to work in a specific area. Changing the firmware helps adapt the equipment to other operating conditions. Many manufacturers of network devices such as routers and switches advise updating their firmware before using the equipment in Russia.

Most often, new firmware is created by the manufacturers of certain devices themselves. Sometimes firms develop special applications, allowing you to quickly replace the firmware of a specific device. You can often find equipment whose functions include the ability to update the firmware. This approach allows you to quickly correct identified errors yourself, without contacting specialized centers. It is noteworthy that the firmware can affect not only the quality of the device, but also its performance.

ROM is a read-only memory device. It is called permanent because even when the power is turned off, it must retain the information recorded in it. In the form of microchips, this type of memory is used in all computerized devices - mobile phones, home theaters, players, etc. They store software for controlling the operation of the microprocessor device. It is this set of programs that determines how well the device will perform its functions, how much electricity it will consume, and how often it will fail.

When the device is assembled at the factory, the first “firmware” of the ROM occurs - the computer codes created by programmers are written into it. However, after the device is released onto the market, work on it does not stop - the company’s coders eliminate identified shortcomings and add new functions to the software that allow even better use of the capabilities built into the device. Modified versions are posted free of charge on Internet sites in the form of specially prepared files, which are often also called “ new firmware" If you download such a file and transfer it proprietary program(firmware) that knows how to handle the firmware of this particular manufacturer for this particular device model, then the program will replace the contents of the ROM with a new one - “reflash”.

Manufacturers recommend performing this flashing or “software upgrade” operation with the release of each new software version. Although, if the device works with the factory firmware without causing any problems, then doing this at the risk of running into some kind of failure during the flashing process is not at all necessary. It would be better to familiarize yourself with the list of changes in the new firmware version and decide whether it’s worth the risk.

Video on the topic

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26.01.2011 12:54:16