How to make internal sewerage in a private house with your own hands. How to make an internal page for a group menu in contact How to make internal pages in a menu

Dmitry Skalubo

This article will be useful primarily for those who do not yet have a website. If you already have a website, you may find some ideas for improving the existing structure or creating new sections.

Here are my observations from my own experience working with external and internal links. Just what personally worked well or poorly for me on several dozen diverse projects:

• For a new project, there is almost no point in waiting for traffic from Google without links and clicks on them (from websites, social networks, forums, etc.) for the first 3–6 months. If your audience is Google users, you will have to learn how to work with external links one way or another.
• Internal linking is needed primarily to solve the user’s problem, and not to be able to cram the desired request into the anchor of the link.
• A link that users regularly follow works much better than one that is simply there somewhere.
• All other things being equal (if two pages are very similar in content, site trust, behavioral factors, etc.) the higher linking page will be.
• Great content will not go unnoticed – they will link to it even without you.
• It is sometimes faster to increase positions and traffic with internal links than by creating new content. Yandex and Google love links.

A site’s filter or ban in search engines also comes most quickly precisely because of links. Including for the abuse of internal linking, since it is easy for the site owner to influence it.

On the importance of internal linking

Over the past few years, the importance of links has been declining. No offense to patriots, but the Russian-language segment of the Internet essentially copies the English-language Internet in development with a delay of 3-5 years. In MOZ data from three years ago, the first 2 places are occupied by links:

Here lies the most common mistake - in the West, the process of working with external links is called “link building”, that is, creating links to a site, building links. Not a purchase, but first of all working with thematic sites, their authors, forums and other things. Creating better content that will be shared.

And this is how it works in the West - if your target audience uses Google (for example, these are residents of the USA), you need to understand that with a probability close to 100% you will NOT promote the project without working with external links. Not by buying them, but by doing “link building”, analyzing competitors, working with other sites and their audience.

For Russian-language projects aimed at residents of Russia, in the first year of the project’s life, from 50 to 95 percent of visitors are brought by Yandex, and we still have a shortage of high-quality Russian-language content, that is, first of all, we work with those factors that are in the study MOZ are in 3-5 places. These are factors related to the quality of a particular website page:

• How well the page content matches the user's request. The quality of the content on the page, the ease of its consumption, and the extent to which it solves the visitor’s problem.
• The volume of content, its readability (markup), uniqueness, page loading speed, additional “features” such as micro markup, https protocol, correct display on the user’s device.
• User involvement, behavioral factors. This is the click-through rate of the page and domain at different search positions, the bounce rate, the depth of site viewing, and the time on the site.

And with the help of internal linking you can influence all 3 factors. Now let's look at examples. This is very well done:

What's good about this example:

• The block with an internal link is placed as if it should be - this is useful additional information for the user.
• The link is contrasting and noticeable; the request of the promoted page is organically included in the anchor.
• Good readability, it is clear what the user will see when he follows the link.
• In a linking block that does not go out of line with the theme of the page, you can enter from one to 10 words that will give additional traffic for low-frequency and low-competition requests for the current page. The attentive reader will find in the first example several non-random matches with Yandex data:

In fact, such an internal linking block does not contradict any of the 3 points that relate to the concept of a quality page. The linking block complements the content of the page, increases its volume and readability, and increases the chance that the user will linger on the site to learn more about balcony insulation.

What, in my opinion, could be done better - since this block already exists, it was possible to refer to other pages that invite the user closer to signing the contract - terms, guarantees, prices. Here's another example:

What's good about the second example:

• Prices are indicated.
• Links are divided into groups.
• A separate block of advantages of ordering from this company.

What is not very good is that it is a cross-cutting block, i.e. it is the same on many other pages. This block copes with the SEO component (transferring weights to important pages). The downside is that on the page about balconies there are 3 links exclusively about windows; they do not provide any added value and are most likely not needed by the user.

A few more reasons to set up proper linking

For large projects, linking blocks are one of the ways to quickly index website pages. The most understandable (albeit not entirely correct) example is news sites; it is critical for them that all news be included in the search results as early as possible. Specifically for news sites, it is also important to add the site to Yandex.News and Google News, since first of all, news output is generated based on RSS feeds. This is what it looks like:

Such results are generated precisely by sending data to Yandex.News and Google News. Here's how linking is used on a news site:

Such blocks on any website will speed up the entry of new pages into search results. A little advice - new pages in niches with empty search results give the first visitors a few days after publication.

The main advantage of internal linking is not SEO. The main advantage is the correct alignment of user paths through the site and, as a result, an increase in conversion. The most “fat” example from personal experience:

• The website included a section with reference information.
• After 3-4 months, the traffic to the help section from the search was several times higher than the traffic to the main selling pages of the site.
• Over the next 4 months, experiments were carried out to place links to sales pages on help pages.
• Selling pages in search grew for basic queries by an average of 25–30% (SEO effect, which, however, could be the result of other work on the site).
• From 5 to 11 percent of those who went to the sales page via links in the linking blocks ordered goods (on average, about 8% conversion). Despite the fact that the average conversion of sales pages for all traffic sources, including search traffic, was rarely higher than 3%.

That is, simply due to the fact that on all the information pages of the site there were links like “And you can see the price and buy here” - there were from 30 to 50 new requests per month.

I conducted similar experiments on different projects, on different topics. In financial terms, linking provided clear and measurable financial results that were very easy to measure:

• In the linking block, a UTM tag was sewn into the link indicating which page the click came from.
• In the analytics system, for the purity of statistics, data is taken, where the entry pages to the site are pages that have a linking block.
• Website visitors who have become clients are counted by tags (to do this, you need to set up goals in Yandex.Metrica or Google Analytics).

More clearly:

This method is available for any CMS and even for a small website running on HTML files. This method has only one drawback - you won’t have quick access to transparent statistics for each link, if you do not have a connection between the statistics systems and the application accounting program configured.

A more advanced level is to set up a module for working with links for your CMS, which allows you to:

• Insert code onto several pages at once (first, you place the places in the page code where the links will be located, and then, in 1 click, place the desired block on any number of pages).
• Automatically count the number of clicks on links (allows you to select the most clickable blocks).
• Conduct A/B tests automatically (if you are satisfied with the current click-through rates and conversion rates of option A, do not change all blocks, but show option B to a given percentage of visitors).
• Show linking blocks designed for the user’s device (depending on the OS used and screen resolution, a block adapted for this device is shown).

If the website engine you use does not have such modules, most likely you will have to master one of the TDS (Traffic Delivery System) systems. TDS - traffic distribution systems allow you to replace the page code with a given one depending on dozens of parameters - by display resolution, by OS, by keyword, by geolocation, etc.

The introduction turned out to be quite lengthy, so once again briefly about the important:

• Previously, the number of inbound links to a site and to a specific page was more important than the quality of content and behavioral factors. Now (at least for Yandex), even a site with zero links can receive visitors if the page is of high quality.
• Without external links on Google, it is difficult to get traffic. In many commercial topics, the top 10 are old, inconvenient, but loaded with links.
• Yandex also takes into account links in commercial topics.
• For purchasing links you can get a filter in both Google and Yandex. A good purchased link is one that you wouldn’t think was purchased.
• Internal linking works well for SEO, but it is more justified for large projects where there is a source and a place to put links.
• Using internal linking, you can improve the donor page on your website and get the desired anchor to another page.
• Internal linking allows you to “hook” the user and redirect him to the landing page.
• Internal links from visited website pages to new ones speed up their placement in search results.
• Linking with an emphasis on marketing, rather than SEO, can be calculated very accurately - in money earned.
• You need to do internal linking with a scientific approach - consider everything and everyone, experiment.
• Don’t reinvent the wheel - most likely, there is already a module for the site engine for your needs or one of the TDS systems will suit you.

Site structure. Why is there strength in SILO and where did this term come from?

For myself, I first discovered the term “SILO” by reading (you can do this too, the volume there is about 30–35 book pages). The basic idea is simple:

Grouping site pages into thematic sections allows search engines to more accurately determine the topics of pages in these groups and the topics of the site as a whole. The optimizer can selectively “strengthen” some pages in groups using internal links.

The literal translation of “SILO” (bunker) was not used by Russian-speaking SEO specialists. The terms “cluster”, “group of pages”, “category” are commonly used.

Now there are 2 most common approaches when designing website architecture. “Site architecture” sounds abstruse and immediately seems very complicated. To put it simply, this is what pages to create on the site and why, and how to group them.

Website structure for SEO

The first approach is to collect as many user queries as possible and distribute them across site pages based on semantic relevance. That is, requests are grouped by text match. It looks something like this:

With this approach:

• All possible requests in the site’s niche are collected, non-targeted ones are removed (other cities/countries, not suitable for the type of goods or services, price, etc.).
• Requests are divided into groups by text (and partially) by logical match. The quality of the breakdown depends on how much the performer understands the site’s niche. If you don’t understand it well, you can landing page see requests for different target audiences, for example, “cheap” and “premium”.
• From the list of pages, the structure of the site is sketched out. Very often, the main 10–20 pages have some kind of coherent structure, and the remaining pages are simply published in the “Information”, “Useful materials” or similar section.
• These pages are placed on the site, after which promotion comes down to buying links and rarely adding new pages.

The first drawback of this approach is that most often new groups of requests are not collected. The site stops developing at the stage at which it was created.

The second drawback is that internal linking is done according to one of the schemes found on the Internet:

If a site does not have a clear logical structure, it is very difficult to do normal linking.

If all the pages on the site are piled up, determine the theme of a section of the site or group of pages search engines can not. Small (100–1000 pages) sites outperform giants like “a site about everything” in the search results, also due to the narrow specialization of the site or its section.

The third drawback of such a scheme is the quality of the pages itself, but this is a topic for a separate article. In short, in most cases it is impossible to create a page that will qualitatively answer 40–50 queries, especially if some of them are commercial, and some are informational.

How do search engines determine the structure of a website?

Search engines can determine the topic of a single page on a website. And they can quickly and correctly determine the structure of the site if the pages are divided into sections of the site physically or logically. Physical separation:

That is, in the browser the URL structure looks something like this:

site-name/legkovie/diametr
site-name /legkovie/marka-avto
site-name /legkovie/brand
site-name /legkovie/sezon
site-name /legkovie/sezon/letnie
site-name /legkovie/sezon/zimnie

With this site structure, search engines understand very well which pages more accurately answer the user’s request. And you will get more or less correct linking within one group of pages automatically. The most important pages will be included in the main or additional menu; the nesting of pages will be indicated by “breadcrumbs” - navigation through sections of the site and their hierarchy. Here's an example:

In this case, all pages of one group link to parent pages, child pages, and neighboring groups. It is generally easier for a search engine to understand what a section of the site is about. The site receives traffic:

• For narrow queries (for example, “buy asus laptop model X") - to the product cards page;
• For broader queries (“buy an asus laptop”) – go to the category page;
• According to competitive high frequency queries(“buy a laptop”) – go to the “Laptops” page.

In this case, it is enough to simply “pump up” the necessary pages with internal links - for example, by placing a “top sales”, “best rated” or similar block in the category with links to the necessary pages. This applies not only to online stores. Here's from another niche:

Together they form a cluster. For general queries, the entire catalog is shown in the results; for narrower queries, the corresponding cluster page is shown. As you understand, the more niches a site combines, the more clusters it can accommodate.

The logical division of the site structure differs only in that the URL structure is not specified using the site engine, and search engines determine the coherence of pages by their interlinking. All pages on a site can have the same nesting level, for example:

site-name/page1 site-name/page2
site-name /pageN
…
site-name /pageN+1000

In this case, search engines are likely to identify the most significant pages based on internal linking. These will be pages from the main menu (since it is present on all pages of the site), as well as pages with the maximum number of internal links.

Clusters will also be determined by internal links. For example, 100 pages of a site link to each other, and all of them link to page 101, and the text on these pages has common semantics (for example, “project”, “house”, “timber”, “price”). Search engines will determine that these are pages of the same section. But organizing the correct link structure on such a site is more difficult, and it won’t be possible to do basic linking within clusters 100% automatically; you will need to think through and write down rules for each group of pages. What it looks like:

Based on the link structure, search engines understand that pages 2, 3, 4 and 10 are pages of the same group, and that 10 is the main page of the group (since all others link to it).

The main inconvenience of such a site layout is the difficulty in building the site structure due to interlinking. Here's what John Mueller, a Google webmaster specialist, says about this:

And changing the structure of the site may take time and not bear fruit. So unless you have obvious confusion with the structure, it is better to just continue working.

Site structure for people

When creating a site structure “for SEO,” all possible user requests are found and groups of pages are created for these requests. When creating a website for people, the situation is the opposite. A site structure is created that covers all possible requests from users, and when created, these pages are optimized, including for requests from search engine statistics.

The main advantages of this approach:

• The site will have more pages due to understanding the needs of the target audience.
• Pages will be linked to each other primarily not by semantics, but by user needs. This makes it possible to bring a visitor to the site at any stage from choosing a product/service to choosing where to buy.
• Due to the coherence of the pages, behavioral factors on the site are better - more viewing depth, more time on the site.

Let's take several different commercial niches and visually analyze how the structure of a website for people will allow you to kill two birds with one stone - get correct internal linking and excellent behavioral factors. Niches:

1. Construction of houses from timber

As an example, let’s take one narrow group of clients’ interests – houses made of timber with an attic. In the best case, with an SEO approach, from 1 to 5 pages will be created on the site (projects, photos, reviews, finished objects).

But you can create such a group of pages on a website if you think about the user’s needs:

Here you can add different foundations, roofing, quadrature, geometry (6 x 6, 8 x 8, 10 x 10), the presence of a terrace and another 30–50 options. With this approach, the number of relevant internal links between these pages will be in the tens or hundreds; there would be something to show on them. Such a group of pages will collect traffic for hundreds of queries, from low-frequency to high-frequency ones. And if, for SEO purposes, you need to “transfer” weight to one of the pages, you can do this; it will be enough to add linking blocks to the donor pages.

In addition to internal links, the conversion on these pages will be higher, tested in different niches.

And when creating such groups of pages, ideas for creating new content will grow like a snowball. For example:

• Differences between laminated and profiled timber, advantages and disadvantages.
• What type of foundation can be used when building a two-story house made of timber.
• What is included in the construction of a turnkey log house?

2. Online store of construction materials

If you take a step away from the catalog structure of almost any online store that sells materials for construction and repair, you will discover many ideas that have not yet been properly implemented. In the best case, “buy with this product” blocks are used to help customers and increase the average check.

At the same time, GOSTs, SNIPs, and regulatory documentation are completely ignored. Anyone who has started a renovation will remember repeated trips and trips to “buy this or that.” This is an almost inevitable step even with a well-written estimate. And to get internal links you can use:

• Technological maps for carrying out work with a list of tools and materials. For example, from a technological map for laying laminate flooring, you can get links to materials, tools used, and pages of laminate flooring categories by class.
• Instructions for the selection and use of consumables - from paint to cutters.
• Photos of interiors from supplier catalogs - you can put internal links to the materials used.
• Instructions like “How to do such and such work yourself.”

Now the question is - have you seen this somewhere? So far I have only seen in directories like this:

And such pages fit perfectly into the structure of the site, they are useful to visitors, they provide internal links. You just need to think about people, not SEO.

3. City portal

Typically, a city portal is a collection of news, a catalog of organizations, posters of various events, and other things. It's easy to make your site more useful to users and get internal links to the right pages. It is enough to display the data in a format useful to the user:

• Not just a list of kindergartens or schools - but by area and stop.
• Any services like food delivery are divided into 24-hour and non-24-hour services.
• Events are divided into free and paid. For children and adults. For preschool children, for elementary grades and so on.

Here is an example for Moscow:

And there will be many groups of requests like “where to go with a 2/3/4 year old child in Moscow”, “where to go with a girl at night in Moscow” and others.

How does the structure of a people site help you find site ideas and improve conversions?

The “site structure for people” approach can be perfectly combined with a marketing approach. This works in niches with large checks, with a long path from visitor to client. Companies that are the first to learn how to build a page structure in such a way as to direct a future client to the desired stage before making a sale will sooner or later overtake their competitors. Or they won’t let their competitors get ahead of them.

What questions will interest me if I want to build a house, but I myself am not involved in construction?

• How many floors and rooms are needed?
• Should I order the design and construction separately or not? Which is better and why?
• What shape of house to choose (if it is not limited by the shape and size of the plot)?
• Do you need a basement/ground floor?
• Do you need an attic or attic?
• Ceiling height?
• Which foundation is suitable?
• What are the walls made of?
• If there are several floors, what kind of floors should be used?
• What is the roof made of?
• How many cameras should there be in a double-glazed window?

This is only part of the stages of building a “box”. Each of these points can be “expanded” into another similar list.

And here a huge field of activity opens up for the development of the site and the creation of new materials. For example, in my region, I can offhand name 7 or 8 wall materials (brick, shell rock, aerated concrete, timber, vulture panels, cinder block, thermal house, foam concrete). Each has its own advantages and disadvantages. If the company is only engaged in construction, you can safely create a cluster of pages, professionally comparing all these materials.

And it will be very useful material. And visitors willingly follow the links between such pages. And the site rises to the top simply due to the fact that the time on the site and the number of page views are 2–2.5 times higher than that of competitors.

Such pages increase trust in the company and can generate leads. A subscription form of the form “Indicate your email and phone number and receive comparative characteristics of the top 10 wall materials in 3 minutes” will generate applications from potential clients.

This approach will not allow you to miss pages that might have been missed when creating the site structure and when collecting requests. And each of these pages will allow you to place internal links to selling pages.

Also, on pages with a narrow focus, conversion is higher. If you are reading this article, you probably have a website. Imagine that you are not satisfied with your current hoster (your online store on Bitrix began to slow down after adding 30,000 products) and you are looking for a new one - which offer will suit you:

• Excellent hosting for your website.
• Hosting for large online stores on Bitrix.

Most likely, the second one. And this works in any niche where most customers make a choice rather than being driven by the wow effect.

Site structure and promotion

The structure of the site and linking greatly influence the position of the site. Of course, if the site meets the basic requirements:

• There are no technical errors on the site that interfere with the promotion of the site.
• The information is relevant and competitive (for example, prices are plus or minus the market average).
• The site loads quickly and is user friendly.

How to more or less correctly compare the effectiveness of promoting a large website that is trying to cover the entire topic, and a small, narrowly focused project that compete on a group of requests? If you don’t know financial indicators, you can compare the number of visitors divided by the number of pages on the site. For example, here are the averages for two topics:

Data for all sites is taken from the same services, so the errors are approximately the same for all. Competition – the percentage of queries for which sites intersect in the top 10. This does not take into account domain trust, site age, links, etc. - although large sites have an advantage in all these indicators.

I collected such data for absolutely different projects, in different niches. And there is only one dependence - sites operating in a narrower niche (with rare exceptions, less than 5%) collect many times more visitors per page. For example, here are sites that voluntarily show their traffic. I selected sites with less than 1,000 pages in the Yandex and Google index:

The remaining 30 are specialized sites. What does it mean:

• The site is not about all banking products in general and their comparison, but only about debit and credit cards. Or just about the mortgage and its conditions.
• The portal is not about accounting from foreign trade activities to 1C, but only about everything for individual entrepreneurs.
• The site does not sell 100,500 types of construction products, but only doors. Or just wooden doors.
• The online store does not sell everything for needlework, but only everything for knitting.

Why do websites with a narrower theme have hundreds of times more visitors per page than their larger competitors?

The less content, the easier it is to make it high quality. An excellent example is backlinko.com, a website of a foreign SEO specialist. Hundreds of thousands of clicks from search monthly, despite the fact that the site has 71 pages. The internal linking there is also done perfectly - you want to click on every link in the text.

Pages on such sites are usually interconnected and provide more information.. Where on a large project there will be 1 page, on a small one there will be several interconnected in a cluster or group. Moreover, most often, each of the group pages on a small project will be more complete than a page on a large one.

Due to the previous point, visitors spend more time on the site, look at several pages. Follow internal links. That is, internal linking works many times better if the site has a series of materials that are conveniently interconnected than if they are just links to transfer the weight of pages.

Many topics have their own slang or specialized terms. Small thematic sites are many times superior in semantic coverage to large ones. Like that:

So it turns out that small sites, with well-designed pages, with cool content, with a good logical structure (visitors “hang” on the site and look at 5-10 pages each) collect traffic comparable to mastodons, at incomparable costs.

How to build a logical website structure?

If you have a commercial resource that makes money by selling a product or service, the correct logical structure can be described in one sentence:

A potential client on each page of the site should see a simple and understandable next step, which brings him closer to concluding a deal.

In some cases this is very easy to do. For example, online stores almost always work according to this scheme.

The goal is to place an order. To do this, the visitor must add the product to the cart. You can add a product to your cart either from the product card, or sometimes from the category. This means that all user paths through the site need to be structured so that they end up either in a category or in a product card. In the example above, a popular article can be referenced by 10 categories, an article (or several), and neighboring articles.

And the remaining pages that do not directly sell a product or service link to selling pages. This could be a question-answer section, reference information, comparison pages, blog articles, news.

On small sites (10–100 pages) everything is simple, the most basic pages are located in the menu, which means they receive links from all other pages. In addition to menus from other pages, internal links can also be placed for marketing or SEO purposes.

On medium-sized sites (up to 10,000 pages) Typically, either a catalog structure is implemented (if it is an online store) or categories. The pages are arranged in groups (headings, categories), each page of the group links to other pages of the same heading. For SEO, the most important categories and pages are linked to from other relevant categories.

On large portals (with hundreds of thousands and millions of pages) either an approach with categories is implemented (only adjusted for the number of categories), or simply all pages link to more or less suitable pages according to the Wikipedia principle. Any systematic work on linking on such projects is unrealistic for the following reasons:

• Lots of UGC content – ​​users create site content.
• The site receives traffic from hundreds of thousands of requests. You can only pump up pages with internal links selectively if there are some pages that give the main result (selling something).
• Often the traffic is event-based, or even one-time. This is especially true for news resources - you just need to post more news and do it faster.

Site URL structure

Today, it makes no difference whether the site structure is organized by nesting levels (sometimes up to 4 or more levels) as in large projects:

Sometimes it happens like this - Home page/category/sub-category/sub-sub-category/ sub-sub-sub-category/page/page-option

This option is convenient because all pages in the chain automatically link to each other. The disadvantage is that you need to think through the site structure in advance, otherwise moving pages from one section of the site to another will require setting up redirects. What kind of hard labor this is - you won’t understand until you need to distribute several thousand pages into several hundred different sections.

The second approach is that all site pages can be nested at 2–4 levels:

But in fact, the product is on the second level, and the /p block displays either the current category or some other store parameter.

The advantage of this approach is that all the main pages can be in one category, and the remaining pages simply display lists for the convenience of users. For example, all products are located at site/tovarN100500, and categories are like:

Home page /notebook-asus/
Home page /notebook-asus/8gb-ram
Home page /notebook-asus/core-i3

They are simply listings of goods according to specified characteristics. The main advantage of this approach for internal linking is that from such categories you can get dozens of internal links to promoted products.

The disadvantage is that there is a lot of work either with the head or with the hands. The products themselves will not appear in the category; you will need to include them manually, or think through display templates.

I give examples for online stores as the most understandable, but the same principle can be applied to projects on a variety of topics. For example, for a site about dogs, information about the breed can be kept in one category, say, “Home page/poroda/haski,” and links to it can be displayed on dozens of other project pages:

Home page/srednie-sobaki/
Home page/krasivie-sobaki/
Home page/sobaki-dlya-semei-s-detmi/

Which internal linking option should I choose?

If you know for sure that you will not have the time or opportunity to do point-by-point linking, choose one of the automatic schemes based on the URL structure. The following options are available...

The first is that all pages link to each other:

In such a situation, all pages are more or less equivalent, all pages are linked to each other.

The third option is that the weight is transferred to the final pages of the site. The scheme would be similar, only the arrows would go in the opposite direction (towards the page blocks).

Any of these schemes is usually built into the logic of the site engine. If you want to move on to advanced internal linking, then the scheme will be something like this:

How this will be implemented in the URL structure and in the physical structure of the site depends on the technical solution used.

In my opinion, this option (or adapting it to suit your business) provides maximum flexibility. In the example above, a specific model went out of production and sale and was replaced with a similar one. And in more conservative topics, in a year or two you can add dozens and hundreds of internal links to the main selling pages.

How to organize data storage on the site?

If it seems to you that the diagram from the previous picture is my hypothesis about content marketing “like in the West” and this will either never happen here, or will happen someday in 5 years, go to any of the articles on request:

More than 1,000 materials that fit perfectly with internal linking with the intention of inviting the visitor to walk closer to the checkout and unfasten his wallet:

Each link leads to the corresponding section of Yandex.Market. Of course, on the Internet, 1000+ articles are a drop in the ocean. But this is Yandex. Which can be displayed by Yandex.Market to its entire audience for any commercial requests.

And big companies do the same:

Do you think big companies don’t know how to count money? Experience tells me that the production of one page for these sites can cost tens (if not hundreds) of times more than for the owner of an online store or thematic site. And the 2,000 articles for the example on the right almost certainly cost several million rubles (or rather the amount with 7 zeros).

There are many niches in RuNet that large companies will only reach in a few years. And all these years, it is you who can receive visitors and sell them your products. You just need to start earlier, this is almost always enough.

To successfully implement internal linking that combines both SEO and marketing, take note of the following techniques:

Characteristics of goods or services. Everything that can be considered a characteristic must be stored in a format that will allow you to obtain complete information automatically. For example, if you sell wallpaper, all characteristics like “plain color”, “with a large pattern”, “white wallpaper”, “with a black pattern” and other options should be assigned to the corresponding articles. So that you can create a category “white wallpaper with a black pattern” in a couple of clicks by simply adding up the characteristics.

It's better to see once than to read several times. Classic links also work well if they are appropriate. But in information materials it is better to provide a beautiful link output. At least with banners, if appropriate:

Here's another good example:

Think broadly – ​​the more possible target audience groups you can reach, the more visitors and sales you will receive.

Content marketing works best in the long run. Search algorithms change from year to year, and every month a new wow technology is released that “should disrupt the market and take a significant share of sales.” And projects that systematically work to produce quality content are simply growing every year. In attendance, in recognition, in money.

And this is not only in conservative niches, where nothing fundamentally new has appeared over the past 20 years and will not appear for another 20 years (for example, many construction niches). Look how many visitors projects dedicated to technology receive. Technology becomes obsolete every year, but leading portals and many newcomers are quietly gathering their share of the audience.

Think about how to use existing content to create new pages that solve the needs of your potential customers.

When designing new website functionality (content section, filters, blog, question-answer, etc.), think about how you can quickly create useful and convenient links to the goods and services being sold from this section.

Consider the effectiveness right away. Analyze your competitors and make forecasts.

What to do if you have a small project?

Many of the techniques mentioned earlier can be easily implemented in online stores or catalog sites. But what if you have a small project with a narrow topic? A universal option is a section with questions and answers.

• Don't make everything one page. Separate question - separate page.
• Give useful answers. Pages “for SEO” with answers like “you can find out by calling”, even if they reach the TOP, will not stay there for long. In addition, on pages with little information it is more difficult to place links to other pages on the site.
• Make the section convenient. No light gray size 11 fonts. If you yourself are uncomfortable reading such pages, visitors will also be uncomfortable and they will leave.
• If there are a lot of questions, make it easy to navigate. Subsections, headings.
• Strange advice, but tested in my own projects. If you have an online consultant, do not let visitors add questions. They will often be short, unintelligent and illiterate. And the same or the same type. Which is bad for both convenience and SEO.
• On the question pages, give the opportunity to contact you from the same pages - phone numbers, instant messengers, social networks.

In addition to questions and answers, you can use references, comparisons, instructions, and standards. If you have few ideas for such sections, look at the most trafficked sites in your niche in big cities. If old projects can still travel due to the link, age of the domain, site trust and other things, young sites have to create cool content.

Why does this generate sales?

If you are looking for “black women's long down jacket with a hood”, you will stay on this page:

And it is in the top 3 for many targeted queries. Including due to linking - on other pages there are links with direct entry of the request.

The next time you walk around the city, pay attention to the colors of the PVC window profiles, except for white and “wood-like”. And then look in your city for something like “PVC windows %color%%city% price”. And look at the results in a very competitive niche. Yes, at least in Moscow:

Even the screenshot shows that the price of windows with a colored profile is 40% higher. Such a request can be perfectly processed in the “question-answer” section; you can create a separate page with standard sizes and prices. And the buyer will call if everything suits him. And such pages can pump up links to other pages. A total benefit, overall.

As always, there is a small catch. In order for such pages to appear on the site, you first need to think and then work.

How to do proper website linking - checklist

If you already have a site with a large number of pages, I can only advise the obvious - consider the weight of the pages and link to the most important pages from the rest. This is the easiest and most painless way to lose weight. Finally, a small checklist.

1. You must have a semantic core for the site - user requests distributed across the pages of the site. Information requests should be placed in the information section, commercial requests should be placed on sales pages.
2. If possible, there should be no cannibalization within a single project. That is, one group of requests on the site should be represented by one page. If there are several pages, the site will compete with itself in search results, this is bad. If there is such a thing, combine it into one page and set up redirection from the remote page.
3. When working with internal links, the ratio from point 4 can be ignored; there is only one rule - do not go overboard with anchors. It is better to enter an incomplete query naturally than to enter a complete one unnaturally.
4. Avoid broken links on the site; if you have a lot of them, you are “spilling” the weight of the pages into nowhere.
5. On the donor page, 1 link to the acceptor page is enough; if there are several of them, the transferred weight will not increase. If you need to put several links, you can close unnecessary links in scripts.
6. Clicked links convey more weight than just links.
7. The link should look like a link (eg different color, underline, hover effect) if it is text.
8. The accepting page may be demoted for having too unnatural internal link environment. Therefore, it is better to use constructions of 2-3-4 words, which are not repeated frequently within the site.
9. If an image is used as a link, the “alt” tag for this image will be taken into account as an anchor.
10. Search engines are smarter than you think, so don’t try to “pump up” important pages with js scripts with different ways hiding links.
11. Worry less. Any excessive manipulation on the part of the site is a signal that the site is trying to somehow outwit the search engine algorithms. I have not yet seen a single site that would experience significant pessimism for working with internal links if the links there simply provided convenient navigation (and at the same time promoted landing pages).
12. Use linking blocks that make you want to click on the link.
13. For a visited project, you can quickly promote new pages for non-competitive requests simply by placing links and receiving transitions within the site. This technique also speeds up the entry of pages into the main search engine index.
14. When you work with a reference, consider the result. In SEO indicators or money. If you use internal links for marketing purposes, conduct tests and choose the best option.
15. If you don’t have linking, implement it, you will increase the time on the site and the number of page views.
16. If your site structure is built not on URLs, but on links, try to link within thematic sections of the site.
17. If you don’t know where to get links from, start a blog or content section.

A little practice

Two simple rules:

• Fix or remove broken links.
• Make sure that important pages receive the most internal links.

Search for broken links on the site. How to check for free and quickly fix broken links?

The free Xenu program (you can download it from the official website) allows you to scan a small website and find broken links in a few minutes. Download, launch. After installation:

To do this, use the combination Ctrl + R. Re-checking errors is necessary because the program could have made a mistake - at the time of checking, the link could be unavailable, although in fact everything is in order. This can happen due to a momentary failure of the site, or due to the server taking too long to respond. If after re-checking the errors remain, check what is wrong. In order to open a page with a broken link you need to:

Explanation:

1. Go to the properties of the URL with the “not found” status.
2. There is a broken link in the “Page URL” section.
3. The "N pages linking to this one" section indicates the page (or pages) on which this link is located.

All you have to do is fix the broken links.

How to find out the link weight of pages for internal linking?

Sufficient for small sites (up to 2,000 pages) free version Page Weight Lite program, you can download it on the official website.

For small projects, 2 passes are enough to determine the most cited pages of the site. It makes sense to set a higher value only if after two iterations the difference in weights is insignificant and you cannot understand which pages receive the most weight. To calculate internal weight, it is better to ignore external links. Today they are there, tomorrow they are not --– so we disable this option.

Correct linking on the site is one of important points internal optimization. It is not needed to distribute weight between pages, as some may believe in the old fashioned way. These are the paths through the site that the user takes. And they should be laid out in such a way that he will definitely come to perform the target action. We'll tell you how to do this in a new post.

What is linking and why is it needed?

Interlinking is the “stitching” of website pages using links.

Linking can be internal and external.

Internal linking- this is the arrangement of links within one site.

Internal linking tasks:

• improvement (the site becomes convenient and understandable);
• pages (search engines better understand the structure of the site - which pages lead where, which of them are more important);
• increasing the relevance of pages (through the use of different key queries search engines better understand what queries to rank a page for in search).

Due to correct internal linking, it is possible to:

• improve behavioral indicators (increase time spent on the site, browsing depth, reduce failures) and, therefore, “pull up” positions in search;
• increase the level of conversion on the site (purchases, applications, subscriptions, etc.).

External linking- this is the placement of links from your own website to other sites (websites, social network pages, catalogs, etc.). Do not confuse external linking with . When they talk about external linking, they mean outgoing links, and by link building they mean increasing the incoming link mass.

External linking tasks:

• providing users with access to useful information posted on external resources;
• indication of the original source of data (for example, when quoting or translations);
• redirecting traffic to partner and affiliate resources.

External links are useful for visitors because they do not need to make additional manipulations to go to third-party resources. Moreover, search engines increase the ranking of sites that link to reputable sites.

How to do internal linking correctly

You can find many different linking schemes on the Internet - “ring”, “star”, “herringbone”, etc. In 2018, linking is based not on conventional figures, but on the benefits for visitors and, ultimately, the owner of the resource (after all user actions should lead to conversion).

Collection of data for linking

If your site has been running for some time and has collected enough statistics, information about link clicks can be obtained using the “ Link Map ” tool in Yandex.Metrica. You'll see which links are clicked on the most and you'll be able to spot patterns.

Fragment of “Link Maps” of Yandex.Metrica

But if the site is new, the “Link Map” will not provide information. In this case, use Yandex and Google search suggestions, which are formed based on user needs.

Let's look at an example. Let's say you have an online hardware store. You want to place quick links to popular models from the “Smartphones” catalog page. To do this, enter the phrase in Yandex "buy a smartphone" and get a list of tips. Users who want to buy a smartphone are highly likely to be interested in inexpensive smartphones, Samsung smartphones and Xiaomi, popular models and new products.

We write down all the “wishes” and get, in fact, a list of pages that are worth referring to and to which some users will definitely go. Even if they don’t buy the product, you will receive , which means your site’s position will increase.

Collecting clues manually is labor-intensive. To simplify and speed up your work, you can use the “ ” tool in SeoPult. Specify a list of key phrases, select search engines (Yandex and/or Google), region, rules and collection depth (maximum - up to level 3) and click the “Run scan” button.

The finished result can be downloaded in XLSX format.

The final report looks like this:

The report contains enough information to understand the needs of users and make high-quality linking.

In addition to search suggestions, you can use similar queries for linking, which are displayed under the search results.

The same queries are available in the Yandex.Wordstat service (right column):

To collect similar queries, another SeoPult tool is suitable - “Collection of association phrases”. It works similarly to the tool for collecting search tips discussed above.

Why did we dwell in such detail on collecting phrases? The fact is that without understanding the needs of users, working on interlinking makes no sense. If you place links at random, chaotically, or, conversely, “ring”, there will be no targeted transitions on them.

Internal linking methods

You can set up linking on the site different ways- discussed below typical examples placing links between website pages.

Main menu

These are end-to-end links that are contained on all pages of the site. IN horizontal menu usually link to the page “About us”, “”, “Terms of payment and delivery”, etc. It is not recommended to link to home page, since it is usually linked to from the logo and/or header of the site.

The link to the current page should not be active (for example, if you went to the “Contacts” page, then when you click on the “Contacts” menu item, the page should not reload). In addition, do not use more than 7 links in the menu, otherwise the perception of information may deteriorate.

Product menu (catalogue, category menu)

Two types of menu

When placing links in the product menu, pay attention to the following points:

• consider only the most popular search queries(for example, hallways can be brown, light, orange and whatever, but you have determined that users are most interested in white, black and black and white - these are the colors that should be indicated in the menu. If you specify too many links, then the site will be inconvenient to use, which will lead to worsening behavioral factors);
• in the names of sub-items, avoid spam (for example, in the item “Hallways” there is no need to name the sub-items “Modular hallways”, “Small hallways”, etc. To understand the essence, it is enough to indicate only a descriptive characteristic - “Modular”, “Small”. Users and so they will understand that we are talking about hallways);
• add pictures to the section names (this move will help improve the visual perception of the site. Under no circumstances replace text with pictures - the names of items and sub-items should be in the form of text that is understandable for search engines).

Updated : entrust all the work on internal optimization and website promotion to specialists. All tools are in one place. Launch a campaign in three clicks. Automatic budget calculation. Installment plan!

Typically, recommendation blocks are used in . Here you can display similar products (smartphone 1, smartphone 2, ...), related products (headphones, Charger, ...) or popular products from different categories. Do not draw conclusions of complementary positions randomly without any logic - this will not give the desired result.

Products can also be offered taking into account browsing history - in this case, the likelihood of clicks on links increases.

Recommendation links can also be placed on the catalog section page to clarify the user's request. For example, those who are in the “Tables” category can be asked to go to the subcategories “Dinning tables”, “Computer tables”, “Chairs”. Again, this technique will allow you to unload the complex and voluminous catalog menu in the left sidebar.

For informational sites, recommendation blocks look different: here it is important to involve users in viewing new pages with content. Therefore, blocks with interesting posts, the latest news, the most popular pages, the most commented articles, etc. are used.

Tagging

Each product can be described by different parameters that cannot be included in the menu. For example, a cabinet can be brown, made of chipboard, 100 cm wide, 50 cm deep. In order to simplify the search for products and navigate the site, tags are used - links to specially created pages on which products of a given category are grouped.

You might argue that all this can be taken into account in filters. Yes, this can and should be done - put all possible search characteristics into filters. However, the filtering results are not indexed by the search robot, so the most popular queries should be separated into separate ones and referred to using tags.

Example of tags on a category page

Tags are also suitable for information sites - they are used to link similar articles. Tag only those queries that are the most popular (see above on how to determine demand). Otherwise, you risk making the page visually heavier. Maintain balance.

Contextual linking

These links are placed in the descriptive part of the page (for example, in an article) and lead to other pages on the site. Such links are rarely used in product cards because they lead users away from them. But on the main page and in categories they are quite appropriate. For example, in the Laptops category, you can send users to an article with useful information about how to choose a laptop.

Linking a catalog section with info pages

If your store's website has an information section, contextual links included in the text help redirect traffic to commercial pages, for example, product cards, etc.

Contextual linking of the article with catalog sections and product cards

You can also link different articles to each other (we use this technique in the posts of this blog), but it is important that they are related thematically and complement each other.

Breadcrumbs (“breadcrumbs”)

Be sure to use this linking method on all pages so that the visitor understands where he is and can return to the previous stage at any time.

It is better to use detailed chains that show the entire path to the current page, rather than abbreviated ones (when only the first page and the “Back” link are indicated). Read more about creating breadcrumbs in our newsletter.

HTML site map

This is a separate page that contains links to all pages of the site. It helps to understand its structure. This is useful both for users and for improving the indexing of pages by search engines. See instructions for creating a sitemap.

Here are some tips to keep in mind when linking:

• use only dofollow links;
• do not adjust linking to any rules - use the principle of common sense and benefit for visitors;
• It is not recommended to make excessive links from product cards (for example, to pages about delivery and payment), this can lead the user away from the goal; place all the necessary service information immediately on the card in a brief form;
• avoid (when the page links to itself);
• do not put too many links from one page (only the most relevant);
• do not often link from internal pages to the main page;
• pages that are linked from the main page are indexed faster;
• regularly check the site for broken links (which lead to pages with a code other than 200) and remove them.

How to do external linking correctly

Many webmasters are afraid to link to external resources, citing the fact that the “weight” of pages leaks through external links and this negatively affects rankings. Indeed, this was the case before. But it's 2018 - search engines are powered by artificial intelligence, and user satisfaction comes first.

For example, in the current article, when mentioning Yandex.Wordstat, we included an outgoing external link. As a result, you do not need to go to the search engine, enter “Yandex.Wordstat” and click on the link in the search - you go to this service directly from the article. It's comfortable? Yes. If you are interested in an article, you open Wordstat, move between pages, test the methodology described in the article, and read it further. And nothing “leaks” through this link, but behavioral factors, on the contrary, improve.

Despite the obvious benefits of outgoing external links, they need to be placed correctly. Here are the basic rules:

• each external link must be relevant and fit organically into the context (otherwise search engines may consider that the link is posted on a paid basis and apply sanctions);
• if you are not sure about the reliability of the site you are linking to, add it to the link - in this case, search engines will not index it, but users will be able to follow it;
• do not mask links using scripts;
• make links clearly distinguishable from the main text;
• use natural anchors (brand names, website URLs, index anchors - “link”, “here”, “instructions”, “site”, “useful resource”);
• avoid anchors with obvious commercial overtones (with the words “buy”, “order”, “price”);
• Using surrounding text, let users know that after clicking on the link they will go to an external resource;
• Be sure to set up external links to open in a new window - otherwise behavioral indicators will suffer.

If you follow these tips, outgoing links from yours will only work as a plus.

Linking on a website is not an easy task

To solve this problem, you will need to analyze requests, study the behavior of site visitors, and determine which pages and how will be connected to each other. If you find it difficult to do it yourself, you can enlist support

The Russian bath is an excellent way to get away from all everyday problems and relax your body and soul. But how complete the bathing process will be depends primarily on the interior decoration of the bathhouse, that is, how comfortable it is and how it meets all the wishes of the owner. Further in the material with photos and videos we will talk about how to make a bathhouse inside, and what materials can be used.

First of all, it is worth saying that the process of interior decoration includes its complete arrangement, starting with laying vapor barriers and ending with the assembly and installation of furniture and decorative elements. If you have construction skills, you can do all the finishing work on the bathhouse yourself, otherwise, it is better to use the services of professionals.

Decoration Materials

Any interior work in a bathhouse begins with the process of selecting suitable materials. Decorating a bathhouse with wood is one of the most common options, especially for a steam room. However, there are a number of restrictions for this room, so not every material can be used in it.

This is due to the operating conditions of the steam room - high levels of humidity and high temperatures. In such a microclimate, a number of materials begin to release toxic substances that are harmful to health.

The following types of materials cannot be used to decorate a steam room:

1. Pine board, which, with increasing temperature, begins to release resins that can pose a danger to humans.
2. Particle boards: fiberboard or chipboard. In addition to the fact that such materials begin to swell at high humidity, they also begin to release toxins that are part of the adhesive mixtures for their production.
3. Linoleum also tends to release toxins and is susceptible to rotting and deterioration.

But the decoration of the bathhouse inside in the dressing room and rest room may well be made of such materials. A dressing room trimmed with pine boards will be especially comfortable. They will give the air in the room a light pine aroma and a real Russian flavor.

Larch and linden are ideal for decorating walls in a bathhouse, particularly in a steam room. Preferable, of course, is larch, which is resistant to high temperatures and humidity, and is very durable. However, in the absence of such, you can also use linden wood.

It is better to use wood for cladding a bathhouse with your own hands in the form of lining. Such lightweight panels can be easily attached, are breathable and can be easily replaced if damaged. And since there will be insulation under the lining layer, it can be considered an almost ideal material for finishing a steam room.

Bath finishing technology

No matter what materials the bathhouse is built from, the finishing is done using approximately the same technology. Although it is still worth familiarizing yourself with the nuances of the process before starting work.

You need to move forward in the work process from the bottom up, that is, from the floor to the ceiling.

The need for vapor barrier is directly related to what types of finishing of the baths were used. So, if the inside of the bathhouse is lined with wood, then a vapor barrier is not needed, since wood “breathes.”

But if the bathhouse is brick, then vapor barrier will be required if special ventilation holes are not provided. In any case, it is better to consult with specialists on this issue.

Finishing the bath with ceramic tiles

The main advantage of the tile is its functionality and low cost. It is optimally suitable for tiling the floor in a dressing room or rest room. It is very durable, not exposed to moisture and temperature, does not collapse, and is easy to maintain. In addition, tiles allow you to create an original interior.

Tiles can be divided into two categories:

• with glaze, that is, enameled;
• without glaze.

Ceramic tiles for a bath should be glazed, since they are better able to withstand fluctuations in temperature and humidity, unlike unenamelled ones.

It is worth remembering that in a bathhouse it is better to cover the floor with tiles with a rough textured surface, which will prevent slipping and avoid injuries.

This rule also applies to wall cladding, since condensation accumulates on them. Care should be taken to avoid slipping and falling.

Another point regarding the choice of tiles for a bath concerns its base. It is advisable to purchase material with a smooth base that will fit tightly to the floor and will not cause the spread of mold.

The shape of ceramic tiles for a bath can be square, rectangular, or complex geometric shapes. However, if you don’t have much experience, it’s better to stick with rectangular tiles, which are the easiest to lay.

Before purchasing materials, it is necessary to determine the exact quantity required for cladding. And you need to purchase 5-10% more material in case of scrap, cutting or damage.

The sequence of laying ceramic tiles is as follows:

1. The tile is soaked in water for several minutes so that the adhesive adheres better to its base. This minimizes the consumption of adhesive during installation.
2. Having determined the corner in the room that is most noticeable from the entrance, they begin to lay the tiles from there.
3. Apply adhesive to each tile using a notched trowel. Having placed it on the floor, tap the edges of the tile with a mallet so that the glue is evenly distributed and excess air is released.
4. Crosses will help ensure uniform seams between tiles.
5. As the glue dries, the crosses are removed. And once everything is completely dry and the tiles have set, you can fill the joints with the grout of your choice.

It is noteworthy that ceramic tiles look equally good both on the floor and on the walls. The mosaic looks especially advantageous and original. If you need to cut the tiles when laying them, special tools will help you cope with this task.

The final stage of finishing the bathhouse inside will be the selection of furniture suitable for the interior.

Windows and doors in the bathhouse are made smaller than in ordinary residential premises: this makes it easier to retain heat. Doors are usually single-leaf and open outward.

Bathhouse doors can be made in different ways. One of the options is a door made of boards, upholstered on the outside with some kind of insulation, and covered on the inside with drying oil, thin waterproof plywood or fiberboard.

Another option for a bathhouse is comfortable and warm panel doors made from two wooden frames of different sizes (the inner frame should easily fit into the outer one). For a tight fit, the outer frame must strictly correspond to the dimensions of the door jamb, and its edges must be slightly beveled. Both frames are covered with fiberboard on both sides and filled with thermal insulation material. Then the inner frame is inserted into the outer one and secured to it with screws.

In the washing room, you can install a steam- and moisture-resistant door from one frame, attaching fiberglass sheets to it with screws on both sides. The space formed between the sheets is filled with lightweight thermal insulation material.

Locks on doors are usually made at the top and bottom. At the bottom, any metal hook can be used for this purpose, and at the top, the lock should be wooden so as not to get burned.

Door handles are also made of wood. To make them, you can use any available material, even oddly shaped twigs and roots found in the forest. Before installation, door handles are coated with drying oil and dried well.

The windows in the bathhouse should have the form of horizontally elongated rectangles, since it is this shape that allows for better heat retention in the room. Windows can be made both in walls and in doors. The area of ​​the bath window may vary depending on the view opening, but, as a rule, it does not exceed 5-7% of the floor area. The window is positioned so that you can look out of it while sitting or lying in the steam room or standing in the washing room.

With both double and single frames, the windows in the bathhouse must have double sealed glazing (on a single frame, glass is attached to both sides). It is difficult to make a window in such a window, but it greatly facilitates the ventilation of the bathhouse.

In brick baths, it is advisable to make windows from glass blocks. They provide soft diffused light, do not require curtains, are more hygienic and durable than ordinary ones.

For artificial lighting of baths, sealed anti-fog lamps of yellow and milky color are usually used.

To ensure good ventilation, a vent is made above the top shelf - a small rectangular or round hole in the wall. It is closed with a removable plug made of a piece of wood upholstered in soft material with a handle or a sliding wooden flap.

For the same purpose, a supply ventilation hole is made at the bottom of the door or near the stove at a height of 25-50 cm from the floor. It should also be closed with a flap or valve.

The next stage of the internal equipment of the bathhouse is the manufacture of shelves in the steam room. If the bathhouse is spacious, there may be 2 or 3 shelves.

The top one is made the widest, on which they usually soar while lying down; the lower ones should be a little narrower. The shelves are arranged one above the other or in the letter “G” (the latter option is appropriate in bathhouses with a combined steam room and washing room).

To make it comfortable to steam while sitting on the top shelf, the distance from it to the ceiling should be 115-120 cm, and between the top and middle shelves - 40 cm. The bottom shelf is usually made at a height of 20-25 cm from the floor. In addition, it is necessary to take into account that the top shelf should be at least 50-100 cm higher than the top stones of the stove.

The best shelves are made from linden, aspen or poplar boards: they are pleasant to the body, dry quickly and do not contain resins.

They make shelves on frames from beams, placing the boards across the frame so that there is a small gap. In this case, the boards are secured with stainless screws from the side of the beams so that their heads do not burn the body.

For greater convenience, the upper and middle shelves can be made removable on stationary supports, and the lower one can be made in the form of a portable bench.

However, do not forget that all elements of this equipment, even the smallest ones, must have a convexity or a slight slope for unhindered swelling of water.

It is also necessary to take care of the little things that will help create maximum comfort in the bathhouse: wooden grates on the floor, shelves for bath accessories, footrests.

You should not paint or varnish wooden surfaces in a bathhouse, as the wood will immediately lose its warmth and its pleasant natural appearance.

Ceiling

The ceiling in the bathhouse should also be insulated, in addition, care should be taken to impregnate the rafters and beams, as they will constantly be exposed to high temperatures and humidity. Insulation materials can be of various types (glass wool, mineral wool, polystyrene foam, foam rubber). The main thing is that they are fire safe and sufficiently resistant to rotting.

Before hemming the ceiling, which in a bathhouse is usually made of planed boards, you should line the space between the roof and the ceiling with a vapor barrier material. This can be a special material or simply plastic film. But now the bathhouse is built, and you can’t wait to check how warm it retains. Such a test fire will allow you to identify all the shortcomings of your work, and, since the construction is not yet completed, quickly correct them.

Do-it-yourself bathhouse. Interior decoration (video):

Step 1
First, go to your group and in the “Latest News” block (in this case, I renamed it to “Menu”) click the “Edit” link, which appears when you hover over it. Important! Firstly, you must have exactly Open group, not Page. Because there is simply no such item on the Page. And second, in the Community Management > Information > Materials menu, the “Open” item should be selected.

Step 2
In the “Editing” tab, write the phrase [[Web design theory]], enclosed in double square brackets. Then click on the “Save Page” button.

Step 3
After that, a “Preview” link will appear next to the button, click on it. A preview of our menu will open below, where we see the link “Web design theory” appearing below.

Step 4
Click on this link and go to the created page called “Web Design Theory”. Then click on the “Fill with content” link. Next, edit the text as usual text editor— insert pictures, texts, videos and other objects. In this case, our created page will have a URL like https://vk.com/page-15865937_43819846.

Alternative way to create an internal page
Eat alternative way page creation. It is mainly suitable for public ( public pages), since the method described above is not suitable for them. To do this we will use the following code
http://vk.com/pages?oid=-XXX&p=Page_Name
where instead of XXX we will substitute the id of our group, and instead of the text “Page Name” we will write Menu. Now we need to find out the group id. How to do it? We go to the main page of the group and look at our posts on the wall - right under the “Add post” block it will say “All posts” - click on this link.

We go to the page and see a URL like this https://vk.com/wall-78320145?own=1, where the numbers 78320145 in this example are the group id. We substitute our data into source and we get a record like this: http://vk.com/pages?oid=-78320145&p=Menu(with your numbers!). Paste this line into the address bar of the browser and press Enter. This is how we created new page In contact with.